second century

During the second century CE, Kolhapur was part of a broader region influenced by several major Indian dynasties and cultures. Although direct records about Kolhapur city in that specific time are limited, here’s what is likely to have happened based on archaeological and historical evidence of the region:

? 1. Rule of the Satavahana Dynasty (1st century BCE – 3rd century CE)

• Kolhapur was likely under the control of the Satavahanas, a powerful dynasty that ruled the Deccan.


• The Satavahanas supported trade, agriculture, and Buddhist culture.


• They issued coins, built roads, and encouraged the growth of towns and markets.

? 2. Growth of Buddhism and Jainism

• Buddhist caves and monasteries in nearby regions like Karla, Bhaja, and Ajanta (not far from Kolhapur) were active during this period.


• It’s believed that Buddhist monks may have traveled through or stayed near Kolhapur on trade and pilgrimage routes.


• Jain communities also existed in western Maharashtra during this period.

? 3. Trade and Commerce

• Kolhapur was likely a minor trade center, connected to larger trade networks.


• Goods such as cotton, metals, spices, and beads were traded with ports on the western coast.


• Roman coins have been found in Maharashtra, suggesting Indo-Roman trade during this time.

? 4. Local Tribal and Agricultural Life

• The region was inhabited by tribal and agrarian communities who practiced farming, cattle rearing, and pottery.


• Settlements were small and often built near rivers like the Panchganga.

? 5. Temples and Local Deities

• While grand Hindu temples came later, local folk deities like Mahalakshmi (Ambabai) were possibly worshipped in simpler forms (stone or wooden shrines).


• Kolhapur’s Mahalakshmi Temple as seen today was built later, but the deity likely had early forms of worship in this period.