3rd century

During the 3rd century CE, Kolhapur was part of a historically rich and dynamic region in the Deccan plateau. Although direct historical records from Kolhapur itself are rare for this period, the broader regional context allows us to infer the important developments in and around Kolhapur.

?️ Kolhapur in the 3rd Century CE – Key Developments

1. Rule of the Satavahana Dynasty (until late 3rd century)

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  Kolhapur was under the control of the Satavahanas, one of the most powerful dynasties in the Deccan.

  
  


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  They ruled from around 1st century BCE to the late 3rd century CE.

  
  


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  Kolhapur region was part of their southern Maharashtra territory.

  
  

Satavahana Features:

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  Promoted Prakrit language and Brahmi script.

  
  


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  Supported Buddhism, Hinduism, and local tribal traditions.

  
  


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  Known for urban settlements, trade, and iron tools.

  
  


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  Possibly issued coins found in southern Maharashtra.

  
  

2. Buddhism and Temple Culture

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  The region around Kolhapur (like Brahmapuri and Karad) had Buddhist establishments.

  
  


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  Cave temples and stupas might have existed nearby, used by monks and traders.

  
  


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  Early Brahmanical temples may have also started appearing during this time.

  
  

3. Decline of Satavahanas and Rise of Local Powers

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  Around mid to late 3rd century, the Satavahanas declined.

  
  


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  After their fall, the Kolhapur region likely came under the control of local rulers, such as Mahabhojas or Maharathis.

  
  


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  These were powerful local chieftains or feudatories who controlled trade routes and collected taxes.

  
  

? Religion and Society

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  Hinduism (especially worship of deities like Shiva and Mahalakshmi) and Buddhism were coexisting.

  
  


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  Society was divided into agricultural communities, merchants, monks, and craftsmen.

  
  


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  Trade with coastal ports like Sopara and Kalyan influenced Kolhapur's economy.

  
  

? Trade and Economy

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  Kolhapur was on a major inland trade route connecting:

  
  
  
  
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    Western coastal ports

    
    
  
  
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    Deccan cities like Paithan and Amaravati

    
    
  
  
  
  


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  Goods: textiles, beads, iron tools, terracotta, and possibly sugarcane and rice.

  
  


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  Black-and-red ware pottery and Satavahana-style coins may have been in use.