13th century

Here’s a detailed overview of what happened in Kolhapur city during the 13th century (1200–1299 CE) — a time of transition, cultural prominence, and political change in the Deccan region:

? 1. Rise of the Yadava Dynasty (Seunas of Devagiri)

• By the early 13th century, Kolhapur came under the control of the Yadava dynasty, based at Devagiri (modern-day Daulatabad).


• The Yadavas replaced the Shilaharas of Kolhapur, who had ruled for over 200 years until their decline around the early 1200s.


• Kolhapur became a provincial center under Yadava administration.

? Key Yadava rulers during this period:

• Singhana II (r. 1209–1247 CE): A powerful ruler who expanded Yadava territory and patronized religion and education.


• Krishna and Mahadeva: Later rulers who maintained control over Kolhapur and other southern parts of the Yadava kingdom.

? 2. Mahalakshmi Temple and Religious Growth

• The Mahalakshmi Temple continued to be a major pilgrimage and cultural center.


• The Yadavas were devout Hindus, especially promoting Shaivism and Vaishnavism, but also supported Shakta worship (like Goddess Mahalakshmi).


• Kolhapur’s temple architecture and ritual traditions developed significantly.


• The city attracted pilgrims, scholars, and temple patrons.

? 3. Culture, Language, and Inscriptions

• Sanskrit remained dominant in temple inscriptions and official records.


• Old Marathi (in its early literary form) began emerging in poetry and local use.


• Many copper plate inscriptions mention:




• Land grants


• Donations to temples


• Administrative orders






• Vedic learning, temple music, and festivals thrived, especially around the Mahalakshmi Temple complex.

⚔️ 4. Military Events and External Threats

• Toward the late 13th century, the Delhi Sultanate began to expand southward.


• In 1296 CE, Alauddin Khilji (a general under Jalaluddin Khilji) invaded the Yadava capital Devagiri, signaling the beginning of Turko-Afghan pressure on the Deccan.


• Kolhapur may have been affected indirectly by military movements, disruption of trade, or tribute demands.

?️ 5. Economy and Trade

• Kolhapur remained agriculturally prosperous, especially in sugarcane, rice, and cotton.


• Temple patronage played a central role in the local economy.


• Artisans in bronze, stone carving, textiles, and jewelry were active.


• The city likely served as a market and religious town on trade routes between the coast and the interior.