2nd century CE

In the 2nd century CE, Kolhapur was not yet the prominent city it would become in later centuries. However, the region—part of the western Deccan plateau in present-day Maharashtra—was under significant cultural and political influence during that period. Here's what we know or can reasonably infer about Kolhapur and its surroundings in the 2nd century CE:

? 1. Satavahana Rule (1st century BCE – 3rd century CE)

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  The Kolhapur region was likely under the control of the Satavahana dynasty, which ruled most of the Deccan.

  
  


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  The Satavahanas had their capitals at Pratishthana (modern Paithan) and later Amaravati, but their influence extended to present-day Kolhapur.

  
  


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  They promoted trade, administration, and the spread of Buddhism.

  
  

Key Characteristics:

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  Use of Prakrit language in inscriptions.

  
  


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  Issuance of coins, some found in southern Maharashtra.

  
  


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  Patronage of Buddhist stupas, monasteries, and rock-cut caves (e.g., nearby Karla, Bhaja, Nasik caves).

  
  

? 2. Cultural and Religious Influence

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  The region saw a mix of Brahmanical (Hindu) and Buddhist traditions.

  
  


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  Although the Mahalakshmi Temple in Kolhapur is traditionally believed to be ancient, its current structure dates from a much later period (likely 7th–12th century). However, there may have been an early shrine or sacred site at the same location.

  
  

? 3. Trade and Economy

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  Kolhapur’s proximity to the Konkan coast and river systems (like the Panchganga) made it part of trade routes connecting the interior Deccan to western ports.

  
  


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  The region likely traded grains, metals, textiles, and possibly horses.

  
  

? 4. Archaeological Evidence

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  Several Satavahana-era inscriptions and coins have been found in southern Maharashtra.

  
  


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  While there are no major inscriptions directly from Kolhapur in the 2nd century, findings from nearby regions (e.g., Karad, Nasik, Nevasa) provide context.

  
  

? Summary of Kolhapur Region in the 2nd Century CE