20th century
Description
Here's a summary of key events and developments in Kolhapur during the 20th century across political, social, cultural, and economic domains:
? Early 20th Century (1900–1949)
? Reign of Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj (1894–1922)
Progressive ruler of the Kolhapur princely state.
Introduced reservations in education for backward castes (first in India).
Promoted universal education, inter-caste dining, women’s rights, and anti-untouchability.
Patron of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar during his early education.
?️ Social Reform & Education
Establishment of hostels, schools, and scholarships for Dalits and backward cles.
Supported Satyashodhak movement and non-Brahmin reform efforts.
?? Freedom Movement & Political Transition
Participation in the broader Indian independence movement.
Local leaders supported Quit India Movement (1942).
After independence in 1947, Kolhapur princely state was merged into the Indian Union in 1949.
? Mid to Late 20th Century (1950–1999)
?️ Integration into Maharashtra
Kolhapur became part of Bombay State post-independence, and later Maharashtra State in 1960.
Emerged as an important district in the western Maharashtra region.
? Industrial and Economic Growth
Growth in foundry and engineering industries—Kolhapur became a major manufacturing hub.
Development of sugar cooperatives and rich agricultural output, especially sugarcane.
MIDC (Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation) helped attract industries.
? Culture and Film
Kolhapur remained a center for Marathi cinema, with studios like Jayprabha Studio playing a key role.
City maintained its cultural identity—wrestling (kushti), Kolhapuri chappals, and Lavani performances flourished.
? Educational Institutions
Establishment of Shivaji University in 1962 boosted higher education and research.
Several colleges and schools set up for arts, science, commerce, and technical studies.
? Urban Development
Modern civic infrastructure began to expand: roads, electricity, water supply.
Preservation and promotion of heritage sites like:
Mahalakshmi Temple
New Palace
Panhala Fort
? Summary: What Defined 20th-Century Kolhapur?
| Domain | Highlights |
|---|---|
| Social Reform | Led by Shahu Maharaj, caste equality, education |
| Politics | Princely state merged into India; democratic governance |
| Industry | Sugar, foundry, footwear, textile, manufacturing boom |
| Education | Shivaji University and several new institutions |
| Culture | Marathi films, wrestling, traditional arts |
| Identity | Known for progressive legacy, heritage, and regional pride |
More details
| Name | Description |
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